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-
-
- NET-ADR
- ================
-
- A program to manage and observe ethernetaddresses
-
-
- Christel Veltrup
-
- Forschungszentrum Informationstechnik GmbH
-
- Sankt Augustin
- September 1993
- ------------------------------------------------------------------------------
-
- NET-ADR is a program that helps managing a list of ethernetaddresses by
- watching and observing the traffic in order to hold the list up to date and
- to find any changes.
- It belongs to the concept of Net-Recording. Net-Recording means to store
- and present all information that might be essential for controlling the
- network behavior.
- One of it's tasks is to detect and mark new stations on the network.
- The program NET-ADR will help finding out those new stations and their
- names by filtering information from the packet headers.
-
-
- The list created by NET-ADR includes:
- - Ethernetaddress
- - Protocols used
- - Name of the ethernetstation
- - protocol specific information like
- IP-address when IP is used,
- IPX-address or IPX-server name for the IPX-Protocol,
- full AppleTalk name when AppleTalk Protocol is used
-
- With these informations it is possible to find out the following:
- - a computer uses new or different protocols
- - a different IP-address
- - a new name
-
- While watching the frames on the net, the program gathers statistics on
- how often each of the known protocols is seen and the program can search
- for IP-addresses multiple used by different computers.
-
- Furthermore NET-ADR includes a program that sends ARPs (Address Resolve
- Protocol) to specified IP-addresses and allows you to compare the actual used
- IP-address to the information from the addresslist created by the other parts
- of the program.
-
-
-
- Requirements:
- - IBM compatible (286 or higher) system,
- DOS operating system,
- - RS232 or parallel interface connected to an Ethernet Box or
- an ethernet board with packet driver interface.
-
- The Ethernet Box is used as an ethernet statistic probe for Net-Recording.
- It gathers all statistical data and measures load, errors and collisions
- by hardware.
- The Ethernet Box is a useful hardware tool for network managemant but here
- in the context of NET-ADR it is only used to receive ethernet frames.
-
- If you don't have an Ethernet Box you can run the program NET-ADR with
- a packet driver. The packet driver interface must support extended
- functionality to be set into promiscous mode and its interruot vector
- has to be sited between numbers 60h and 80h.
-
-
- The programs listed below are necessary to run NET-ADR correctly:
-
- net-adr.exe the main program
- adrsamm.exe gather addresses
- adr_upd.exe saving new addresses to the list
- ip_check.exe searching for IP-addresses used by different computers
- arp.bat send ARPs to a number of IP-addresses and
- compare results of ARPs to the address list
- vndir.exe view a file
- mov-000.exe numbering files
- eak-term.exe terminal program for the Ethernet Box
- rpsort.com a sort program
-
-
-
-
- How to use NET-ADR ?
-
-
- I hope the program is self-explaining but nevertheless a few words:
- When the program NET-ADR is started (by typing 'net-adr' on the commandline),
- first of all you have to select the port or the packetdriver.
- COM (1 or 2) means a serial port, LPT (1 or 2) the parallel port and PktDrvr
- the packetdriver.
- You can specify the port on the commandline as well, just type COM (1 or 2),
- LPT or PKT.
-
- The Main Menu comes up if the selected port was initialized succesfully.
-
- To use the ARP-Test program, you have to edit the file 'arp.bat' before and
- change the IP-address that's written after 'arptest' to your own address.
-
-
- A short explanation of the menu items follows:
-
- * Address *
-
- - Collect Adresses
- Reads frames in order to find as many different ethernet-addresses as
- possible. Pressing any key stops it.
- The addresses that were read are compared to those which are already stored
- in the addresslist so only completely new addresses or addresses with
- any difference to the list are written to a file.
- There are two files that are created each time the program reads any frames.
- First there is adr_diff.XXX (where XXX is an number), this file contains all
- addresses which have a known name. The other file created is adr_unb.XXX.
- All completely unknown addresses are written to this file.
- The files that were created most recently are those with the highest numbers
- following the name.
-
-
- - Collect with Request
- The same as above with the only difference that an AppleTalk Name Binding
- Protocol request block is sent every 20 seconds in order to get some more
- names of computers using AppleTalk.
-
- The request-frame is set by default to get all Appletalk-frames with
- type = NBP (Name Binding Protocol) no matter what type or zone they have.
- Possible types that may be seen are BroadCast, AFPServer, LaserWriter and many
- others.
- You can change these settings by typing anything else there.
- For example you may want to get only names that are used together with
- BroadCasts, or the names of LaserWriters or only names that belong to a
- special AppleTalk zone.
- Of course it makes no sense to write any unknown or silly names there, but I
- think that's obvious.
-
- Which settings should be used to get the best answers or whatever, I don't
- know, you have to try it out.
-
-
- If you use an Ethernet Box, it may occur that changing the request-frame
- failes. In this case it is possible that the Ethernet Box requires a password
- afterwords. You can use the program eak-term to reset the password. The
- program NET-ADR uses 'h' as password, so you can reset the password by typing
- 'h' as old password and setting new password to nothing.
-
-
-
-
- - Update Addresslist
-
- The addresses that were written to 'adr_diff.XXX' are read and displayed on
- the screen, so you can decide whether they shall be written to the addresslist
- or not.
- Apart from writing or not writing the new informations there is the
- possibility to edit the old entry.
- This is how you can update the name or the IP-address, or you can delete a
- whole entry by typing 'N' for each protocol.
-
- When you're through with all the addresses you can delete the files
- 'adr_diff.*' and 'adr_unb.*'.
-
-
-
-
- * View *
-
- - Differences to addresslist = adr_diff.*
- - Unknown addresses = adr_unb.*
- - Addresslist = adressen.all
- - Multiple used IP-addresses = ip_diff
-
-
-
-
- * Others *
-
-
- - Protocols
-
- Displays the statistics of protocols that was seen when 'Collect Addresses'
- was called the last time.
-
-
-
- - Check IP
-
- Searching for IP-addresses that are used by more than one computer.
-
- If there are any, they are displayed and written to the file 'ip_diff.'
-
-
- - ARP - Test
-
- The program asks for two IP-Adresses (in the form e.g. 1.2.3.4) which specify
- a start and an end address. Every single IP-address between those two is then
- used to send an ARP.
- The number of IP-Addresses between start and end address must be less than
- 2048.
- The bottom line tells how many unanswered ARPs are still there.
- The sending and receiving of ARP's stops either if all ARPs are answered or a
- key is pressed.
- The results of sending the ARPs are then compared to the mapping of
- IP-addresses to ethernetaddresses from the addresslist (adressen.all) and the
- file 'arp-ip.dat' is created to save the addresses.
-
-
- - List ARP-Replies
-
- View the file arp-ip.dat.
- The file is sorted by IP-addresses. It includes the IP-address, the
- ethernetaddress and the result of comparing to the addresslist.
- (no entry) means there is no information for this ethernetaddress in the list.
- (no IP-entry) means to this ethernetaddress there is only information of other
- protocols in the list.
- (IP-Address) e.g. 01020304 that's the address which is stored as the IP-
- address belonging to this ethernetaddress
-
-
-
- * Terminal *
-
-
- This program can only be called when you're connected via COM or LPT to an
- Ethernet Box. If you use an Ethernet Box you should be familiar with this
- program so I don't describe it here.
-
-
-
-
- NET-ADR uses the following files:
-
- adressen.sdf:
-
- The file 'adressen.sdf' is a product of the program NET-CONTROL which is
- a tool for collecting and controlling data in an Ethernet LAN.
- It is used by NET-ADR to find the name belonging to an ethernetaddress.
-
- If this file doesn't exist, you can write it, or run the program
- without it. It should work correctly, I hope.
-
- An entry in this file (one line) has to be of the following form:
-
- ethernetaddress(12 characters) blank name(15 characters) ...
-
- Any other information following the name will be ignored by the program.
- The file has to be sorted by ethernetaddresses in ascending order!
-
- The filename 'adressen.sdf' can be overwritten by typing another filename
- on the commandline when starting NET-ADR.
-
- net-adr (port or PKT) [your file]
-
-
-
- adressen.set:
-
- The file 'adressen.set' includes the mapping of name of the protocol to a
- number between 1 and 9.
-
- The programm NET-ADR recognizes the following protocols:
-
- Name typefield (Bytes 13-14 of the ethernetframe)
- IP 0800
- Dec 60xx
- Apple 809B or
- 80F3 or
- length (< 0600 (hex)) followed by "AAAA"
- Novell 8137 or
- 8138 or
- length (s.o.) followed by "FFFF"
- LanMngr length (s.o.) followed by "F0F0" oder "F0F1"
- GH 4748 or
- 564E
-
- If this file does not exist when you run the program an initial screen is
- displayed where you have to do this mapping. It will then be written to the
- file 'adressen.set'.
-
- Apart from the protocols mentioned above you can give a number for routers and
- for the rest that means all protocols that the program doesn't know.
- The numbers have to be between 1 and 9 and you can give the same number to
- more than one protocol if you want to.
-
-
-
-
-
- adressen.all:
- 'adressen.all' is the list of addresses and protocols created and used by the
- program. If the file does not exist it will be created the first time you call
- 'Update addresslist'.
- It contains
- - ethernetaddress
- - name
- - the protocols used by this computer
- - special protocol information like
-
- * IP-address when IP is used,
- * IPX-address or IPX-server name for the IPX-Protocol,
- * full AppleTalk name when AppleTalk Name Binding Protocol is used
-
-
-
- The different protocols are represented by digits (see 'adressen.set' for more
- explanation).
-
- Example:
-
- 02608C8C87D6 fiery 3 Fiery:LaserWriter:*
- 02608CA3EB33 novell2 4 00000000_02608CA3EB33_0455
- 080005034022 sphinx 1 811A0929
- 080020113B0C zsv 1 811A086E
- 080020113B0C zsv 3 Zsv:AFPServer:BackboneET
- 08002011BBB2 jumbo 1 811A0864
- 08002011BBB2 jumbo 3 jumbo:UNIX/CAP:BI_admin
-
-
- Here 1 stands for IP, 3 for AppleTalk Protocol and 4 is IPX-protocol
-
- The file 'adressen.all' will not be updated each time you call 'Collect
- addresses'. Only if you select 'Update Addresslist' from the Main Menu you can
- write new addresses to this file.
-
-
-
-
- router.adr:
-
- If the file 'router.adr' does not exist it will be created by the program (if
- needed).
- It contains all addresses and names of routers. There can be up to 40
- addresses in this file.
- What's so special about routers? Hm, here the only important thing is that a
- router can use many different IP-addresses and that's ok. So if you don't want
- a message every time the router uses another address you have to put its
- ethernetaddress into the file.
- This can be done by the program using 'Update Addresslist' and typing
- 'y' for router.
-
-
-
-
- Output-files generated by NET-ADR:
-
- adr_diff.* and adr_unb.*:
-
- When the program stops collecting adresses (maximum number of addresses is 250
- or you can stop ist by pressing any key), all addresses that were read are
- compared to the information that's already stored in 'adressen.all'.
-
- Only those addresses, that
- - use a different protocol
- or
- - use a new IP-address, IPX-address or different name (only AppleTalk)
- or
- - are not found in 'adressen.all'
- or
- - are not found in 'adressen.sdf' (means, there's no name known)
- are written to the files 'adr_diff' or 'adr_unb'.
-
- The addresses that are completely unknown (no name found) are written to
- 'adr_unb' all others to 'adr_diff'.
-
-
-
- protok.tmp :
-
- This file contains the statistic which you can see by calling 'Protocols' from
- the Main Menu.
- Everytime 'Collect' is called this file is updated.
-
-
-
- ip_diff :
-
- NET-ADR creates this file when the item 'Check IP' was called from the Main
- Menu. It includes all ethernetaddresses and names of computers using the same
- IP-addresses.
-
-
-
- ------------------------------------------------------------------------------
- The program NET-ADR is free to use for anybody who likes to try it.
-
- I don't know if it's really free from bugs, so if you find out any or if you
- have comments ore something else, please email me:
-
- Christel.Veltrup@gmd.de
-
- Christel Veltrup
- February '94
-
- ------------------------------------------------------------------------------
- For more information on the Ethernet Box and the program NET-CONTROL
- please contact
-
- RzK D.Koepke
- Bitzenstr. 11
- D-53567 Asbach Ww
- Tel. 49 2683 4547
- Fax 49 2683 4537
-
- ------------------------------------------------------------------------------
- Packet Drivers (the crynwr packet driver collection) are available via ftp
- at oak.oakland.edu, file pktd11.zip in the directory pub/msdos/pktdrv
-
-